import logging
import os
import sys
import warnings
from collections.abc import AsyncGenerator, Callable, Generator
from enum import IntEnum
from pathlib import Path
from typing import TYPE_CHECKING

import anyio

from ._rust_notify import RustNotify
from .filters import DefaultFilter

__all__ = 'watch', 'awatch', 'Change', 'FileChange'
logger = logging.getLogger('watchfiles.main')


class Change(IntEnum):
    """
    Enum representing the type of change that occurred.
    """

    added = 1
    """A new file or directory was added."""
    modified = 2
    """A file or directory was modified, can be either a metadata or data change."""
    deleted = 3
    """A file or directory was deleted."""

    def raw_str(self) -> str:
        return self.name


FileChange = tuple[Change, str]
"""
A tuple representing a file change, first element is a [`Change`][watchfiles.Change] member, second is the path
of the file or directory that changed.
"""

if TYPE_CHECKING:
    import asyncio
    from typing import Protocol

    import trio

    AnyEvent = anyio.Event | asyncio.Event | trio.Event

    class AbstractEvent(Protocol):
        def is_set(self) -> bool: ...


def watch(
    *paths: Path | str,
    watch_filter: Callable[['Change', str], bool] | None = DefaultFilter(),
    debounce: int = 1_600,
    step: int = 50,
    stop_event: 'AbstractEvent | None' = None,
    rust_timeout: int = 5_000,
    yield_on_timeout: bool = False,
    debug: bool | None = None,
    raise_interrupt: bool = True,
    force_polling: bool | None = None,
    poll_delay_ms: int = 300,
    recursive: bool = True,
    ignore_permission_denied: bool | None = None,
) -> Generator[set[FileChange], None, None]:
    """
    Watch one or more paths and yield a set of changes whenever files change.

    The paths watched can be directories or files, directories are watched recursively - changes in subdirectories
    are also detected.

    #### Force polling

    Notify will fall back to file polling if it can't use file system notifications, but we also force Notify
    to use polling if the `force_polling` argument is `True`; if `force_polling` is unset (or `None`), we enable
    force polling thus:

    * if the `WATCHFILES_FORCE_POLLING` environment variable exists and is not empty:
        * if the value is `false`, `disable` or `disabled`, force polling is disabled
        * otherwise, force polling is enabled
    * otherwise, we enable force polling only if we detect we're running on WSL (Windows Subsystem for Linux)

    It is also possible to change the poll delay between iterations, it can be changed to maintain a good response time
    and an appropiate CPU consumption using the `poll_delay_ms` argument, we change poll delay thus:

    * if file polling is enabled and the `WATCHFILES_POLL_DELAY_MS` env var exists and it is numeric, we use that
    * otherwise, we use the argument value

    Args:
        *paths: filesystem paths to watch.
        watch_filter: callable used to filter out changes which are not important, you can either use a raw callable
            or a [`BaseFilter`][watchfiles.BaseFilter] instance,
            defaults to an instance of [`DefaultFilter`][watchfiles.DefaultFilter]. To keep all changes, use `None`.
        debounce: maximum time in milliseconds to group changes over before yielding them.
        step: time to wait for new changes in milliseconds, if no changes are detected in this time, and
            at least one change has been detected, the changes are yielded.
        stop_event: event to stop watching, if this is set, the generator will stop iteration,
            this can be anything with an `is_set()` method which returns a bool, e.g. `threading.Event()`.
        rust_timeout: maximum time in milliseconds to wait in the rust code for changes, `0` means no timeout.
        yield_on_timeout: if `True`, the generator will yield upon timeout in rust even if no changes are detected.
        debug: whether to print information about all filesystem changes in rust to stdout, if `None` will use the
            `WATCHFILES_DEBUG` environment variable.
        raise_interrupt: whether to re-raise `KeyboardInterrupt`s, or suppress the error and just stop iterating.
        force_polling: See [Force polling](#force-polling) above.
        poll_delay_ms: delay between polling for changes, only used if `force_polling=True`.
        recursive: if `True`, watch for changes in sub-directories recursively, otherwise watch only for changes in the
            top-level directory, default is `True`.
        ignore_permission_denied: if `True`, will ignore permission denied errors, otherwise will raise them by default.
            Setting the `WATCHFILES_IGNORE_PERMISSION_DENIED` environment variable will set this value too.

    Yields:
        The generator yields sets of [`FileChange`][watchfiles.main.FileChange]s.

    ```py title="Example of watch usage"
    from watchfiles import watch

    for changes in watch('./first/dir', './second/dir', raise_interrupt=False):
        print(changes)
    ```
    """
    force_polling = _default_force_polling(force_polling)
    poll_delay_ms = _default_poll_delay_ms(poll_delay_ms)
    ignore_permission_denied = _default_ignore_permission_denied(ignore_permission_denied)
    debug = _default_debug(debug)
    with RustNotify(
        [str(p) for p in paths], debug, force_polling, poll_delay_ms, recursive, ignore_permission_denied
    ) as watcher:
        while True:
            raw_changes = watcher.watch(debounce, step, rust_timeout, stop_event)
            if raw_changes == 'timeout':
                if yield_on_timeout:
                    yield set()
                else:
                    logger.debug('rust notify timeout, continuing')
            elif raw_changes == 'signal':
                if raise_interrupt:
                    raise KeyboardInterrupt
                else:
                    logger.warning('KeyboardInterrupt caught, stopping watch')
                    return
            elif raw_changes == 'stop':
                return
            else:
                changes = _prep_changes(raw_changes, watch_filter)
                if changes:
                    _log_changes(changes)
                    yield changes
                else:
                    logger.debug('all changes filtered out, raw_changes=%s', raw_changes)


async def awatch(  # C901
    *paths: Path | str,
    watch_filter: Callable[[Change, str], bool] | None = DefaultFilter(),
    debounce: int = 1_600,
    step: int = 50,
    stop_event: 'AnyEvent | None' = None,
    rust_timeout: int | None = None,
    yield_on_timeout: bool = False,
    debug: bool | None = None,
    raise_interrupt: bool | None = None,
    force_polling: bool | None = None,
    poll_delay_ms: int = 300,
    recursive: bool = True,
    ignore_permission_denied: bool | None = None,
) -> AsyncGenerator[set[FileChange], None]:
    """
    Asynchronous equivalent of [`watch`][watchfiles.watch] using threads to wait for changes.
    Arguments match those of [`watch`][watchfiles.watch] except `stop_event`.

    All async methods use [anyio](https://anyio.readthedocs.io/en/latest/) to run the event loop.

    Unlike [`watch`][watchfiles.watch] `KeyboardInterrupt` cannot be suppressed by `awatch` so they need to be caught
    where `asyncio.run` or equivalent is called.

    Args:
        *paths: filesystem paths to watch.
        watch_filter: matches the same argument of [`watch`][watchfiles.watch].
        debounce: matches the same argument of [`watch`][watchfiles.watch].
        step: matches the same argument of [`watch`][watchfiles.watch].
        stop_event: `anyio.Event` which can be used to stop iteration, see example below.
        rust_timeout: matches the same argument of [`watch`][watchfiles.watch], except that `None` means
            use `1_000` on Windows and `5_000` on other platforms thus helping with exiting on `Ctrl+C` on Windows,
            see [#110](https://github.com/samuelcolvin/watchfiles/issues/110).
        yield_on_timeout: matches the same argument of [`watch`][watchfiles.watch].
        debug: matches the same argument of [`watch`][watchfiles.watch].
        raise_interrupt: This is deprecated, `KeyboardInterrupt` will cause this coroutine to be cancelled and then
            be raised by the top level `asyncio.run` call or equivalent, and should be caught there.
            See [#136](https://github.com/samuelcolvin/watchfiles/issues/136)
        force_polling: if true, always use polling instead of file system notifications, default is `None` where
            `force_polling` is set to `True` if the `WATCHFILES_FORCE_POLLING` environment variable exists.
        poll_delay_ms: delay between polling for changes, only used if `force_polling=True`.
            `poll_delay_ms` can be changed via the `WATCHFILES_POLL_DELAY_MS` environment variable.
        recursive: if `True`, watch for changes in sub-directories recursively, otherwise watch only for changes in the
            top-level directory, default is `True`.
        ignore_permission_denied: if `True`, will ignore permission denied errors, otherwise will raise them by default.
            Setting the `WATCHFILES_IGNORE_PERMISSION_DENIED` environment variable will set this value too.

    Yields:
        The generator yields sets of [`FileChange`][watchfiles.main.FileChange]s.

    ```py title="Example of awatch usage"
    import asyncio
    from watchfiles import awatch

    async def main():
        async for changes in awatch('./first/dir', './second/dir'):
            print(changes)

    if __name__ == '__main__':
        try:
            asyncio.run(main())
        except KeyboardInterrupt:
            print('stopped via KeyboardInterrupt')
    ```

    ```py title="Example of awatch usage with a stop event"
    import asyncio
    from watchfiles import awatch

    async def main():
        stop_event = asyncio.Event()

        async def stop_soon():
            await asyncio.sleep(3)
            stop_event.set()

        stop_soon_task = asyncio.create_task(stop_soon())

        async for changes in awatch('/path/to/dir', stop_event=stop_event):
            print(changes)

        # cleanup by awaiting the (now complete) stop_soon_task
        await stop_soon_task

    asyncio.run(main())
    ```
    """
    if raise_interrupt is not None:
        warnings.warn(
            'raise_interrupt is deprecated, KeyboardInterrupt will cause this coroutine to be cancelled and then '
            'be raised by the top level asyncio.run call or equivalent, and should be caught there. See #136.',
            DeprecationWarning,
        )

    if stop_event is None:
        stop_event_: AnyEvent = anyio.Event()
    else:
        stop_event_ = stop_event

    force_polling = _default_force_polling(force_polling)
    poll_delay_ms = _default_poll_delay_ms(poll_delay_ms)
    ignore_permission_denied = _default_ignore_permission_denied(ignore_permission_denied)
    debug = _default_debug(debug)
    with RustNotify(
        [str(p) for p in paths], debug, force_polling, poll_delay_ms, recursive, ignore_permission_denied
    ) as watcher:
        timeout = _calc_async_timeout(rust_timeout)
        CancelledError = anyio.get_cancelled_exc_class()

        while True:
            async with anyio.create_task_group() as tg:
                try:
                    raw_changes = await anyio.to_thread.run_sync(watcher.watch, debounce, step, timeout, stop_event_)
                except (CancelledError, KeyboardInterrupt):
                    stop_event_.set()
                    # suppressing KeyboardInterrupt wouldn't stop it getting raised by the top level asyncio.run call
                    raise
                tg.cancel_scope.cancel()

            if raw_changes == 'timeout':
                if yield_on_timeout:
                    yield set()
                else:
                    logger.debug('rust notify timeout, continuing')
            elif raw_changes == 'stop':
                return
            elif raw_changes == 'signal':
                # in theory the watch thread should never get a signal
                raise RuntimeError('watch thread unexpectedly received a signal')
            else:
                changes = _prep_changes(raw_changes, watch_filter)
                if changes:
                    _log_changes(changes)
                    yield changes
                else:
                    logger.debug('all changes filtered out, raw_changes=%s', raw_changes)


def _prep_changes(
    raw_changes: set[tuple[int, str]], watch_filter: Callable[[Change, str], bool] | None
) -> set[FileChange]:
    # if we wanted to be really snazzy, we could move this into rust
    changes = {(Change(change), path) for change, path in raw_changes}
    if watch_filter:
        changes = {c for c in changes if watch_filter(c[0], c[1])}
    return changes


def _log_changes(changes: set[FileChange]) -> None:
    if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.INFO):  # pragma: no branch
        count = len(changes)
        plural = '' if count == 1 else 's'
        if logger.isEnabledFor(logging.DEBUG):
            logger.debug('%d change%s detected: %s', count, plural, changes)
        else:
            logger.info('%d change%s detected', count, plural)


def _calc_async_timeout(timeout: int | None) -> int:
    """
    see https://github.com/samuelcolvin/watchfiles/issues/110
    """
    if timeout is None:
        if sys.platform == 'win32':
            return 1_000
        else:
            return 5_000
    else:
        return timeout


def _default_force_polling(force_polling: bool | None) -> bool:
    """
    See docstring for `watch` above for details.

    See samuelcolvin/watchfiles#167 and samuelcolvin/watchfiles#187 for discussion and rationale.
    """
    if force_polling is not None:
        return force_polling
    env_var = os.getenv('WATCHFILES_FORCE_POLLING')
    if env_var:
        return env_var.lower() not in {'false', 'disable', 'disabled'}
    else:
        return _auto_force_polling()


def _default_poll_delay_ms(poll_delay_ms: int) -> int:
    """
    See docstring for `watch` above for details.
    """
    env_var = os.getenv('WATCHFILES_POLL_DELAY_MS')
    if env_var and env_var.isdecimal():
        return int(env_var)
    else:
        return poll_delay_ms


def _default_debug(debug: bool | None) -> bool:
    if debug is not None:
        return debug
    env_var = os.getenv('WATCHFILES_DEBUG')
    return bool(env_var)


def _auto_force_polling() -> bool:
    """
    Whether to auto-enable force polling, it should be enabled automatically only on WSL.

    See samuelcolvin/watchfiles#187 for discussion.
    """
    import platform

    uname = platform.uname()
    return 'microsoft-standard' in uname.release.lower() and uname.system.lower() == 'linux'


def _default_ignore_permission_denied(ignore_permission_denied: bool | None) -> bool:
    if ignore_permission_denied is not None:
        return ignore_permission_denied
    env_var = os.getenv('WATCHFILES_IGNORE_PERMISSION_DENIED')
    return bool(env_var)
