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# Copyright (C) Dnspython Contributors, see LICENSE for text of ISC license
# Copyright (C) 2003-2017 Nominum, Inc.
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
# documentation for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted,
# provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice
# appear in all copies.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND NOMINUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL NOMINUM BE LIABLE FOR
# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
# OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
"""Common DNS Exceptions.
Dnspython modules may also define their own exceptions, which will
always be subclasses of ``DNSException``.
"""
from typing import Set
class DNSException(Exception):
"""Abstract base class shared by all dnspython exceptions.
It supports two basic modes of operation:
a) Old/compatible mode is used if ``__init__`` was called with
empty *kwargs*. In compatible mode all *args* are passed
to the standard Python Exception class as before and all *args* are
printed by the standard ``__str__`` implementation. Class variable
``msg`` (or doc string if ``msg`` is ``None``) is returned from ``str()``
if *args* is empty.
b) New/parametrized mode is used if ``__init__`` was called with
non-empty *kwargs*.
In the new mode *args* must be empty and all kwargs must match
those set in class variable ``supp_kwargs``. All kwargs are stored inside
``self.kwargs`` and used in a new ``__str__`` implementation to construct
a formatted message based on the ``fmt`` class variable, a ``string``.
In the simplest case it is enough to override the ``supp_kwargs``
and ``fmt`` class variables to get nice parametrized messages.
"""
msg: str | None = None # non-parametrized message
supp_kwargs: Set[str] = set() # accepted parameters for _fmt_kwargs (sanity check)
fmt: str | None = None # message parametrized with results from _fmt_kwargs
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
self._check_params(*args, **kwargs)
if kwargs:
# This call to a virtual method from __init__ is ok in our usage
self.kwargs = self._check_kwargs(**kwargs) # lgtm[py/init-calls-subclass]
self.msg = str(self)
else:
self.kwargs = dict() # defined but empty for old mode exceptions
if self.msg is None:
# doc string is better implicit message than empty string
self.msg = self.__doc__
if args:
super().__init__(*args)
else:
super().__init__(self.msg)
def _check_params(self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Old exceptions supported only args and not kwargs.
For sanity we do not allow to mix old and new behavior."""
if args or kwargs:
assert bool(args) != bool(
kwargs
), "keyword arguments are mutually exclusive with positional args"
def _check_kwargs(self, **kwargs):
if kwargs:
assert (
set(kwargs.keys()) == self.supp_kwargs
), f"following set of keyword args is required: {self.supp_kwargs}"
return kwargs
def _fmt_kwargs(self, **kwargs):
"""Format kwargs before printing them.
Resulting dictionary has to have keys necessary for str.format call
on fmt class variable.
"""
fmtargs = {}
for kw, data in kwargs.items():
if isinstance(data, list | set):
# convert list of <someobj> to list of str(<someobj>)
fmtargs[kw] = list(map(str, data))
if len(fmtargs[kw]) == 1:
# remove list brackets [] from single-item lists
fmtargs[kw] = fmtargs[kw].pop()
else:
fmtargs[kw] = data
return fmtargs
def __str__(self):
if self.kwargs and self.fmt:
# provide custom message constructed from keyword arguments
fmtargs = self._fmt_kwargs(**self.kwargs)
return self.fmt.format(**fmtargs)
else:
# print *args directly in the same way as old DNSException
return super().__str__()
class FormError(DNSException):
"""DNS message is malformed."""
class SyntaxError(DNSException):
"""Text input is malformed."""
class UnexpectedEnd(SyntaxError):
"""Text input ended unexpectedly."""
class TooBig(DNSException):
"""The DNS message is too big."""
class Timeout(DNSException):
"""The DNS operation timed out."""
supp_kwargs = {"timeout"}
fmt = "The DNS operation timed out after {timeout:.3f} seconds"
# We do this as otherwise mypy complains about unexpected keyword argument
# idna_exception
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
super().__init__(*args, **kwargs)
class UnsupportedAlgorithm(DNSException):
"""The DNSSEC algorithm is not supported."""
class AlgorithmKeyMismatch(UnsupportedAlgorithm):
"""The DNSSEC algorithm is not supported for the given key type."""
class ValidationFailure(DNSException):
"""The DNSSEC signature is invalid."""
class DeniedByPolicy(DNSException):
"""Denied by DNSSEC policy."""
class ExceptionWrapper:
def __init__(self, exception_class):
self.exception_class = exception_class
def __enter__(self):
return self
def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb):
if exc_type is not None and not isinstance(exc_val, self.exception_class):
raise self.exception_class(str(exc_val)) from exc_val
return False

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# Copyright (C) Dnspython Contributors, see LICENSE for text of ISC license
# Copyright (C) 2001-2017 Nominum, Inc.
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
# documentation for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted,
# provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice
# appear in all copies.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND NOMINUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL NOMINUM BE LIABLE FOR
# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
# OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
"""DNS Message Flags."""
import enum
from typing import Any
# Standard DNS flags
class Flag(enum.IntFlag):
#: Query Response
QR = 0x8000
#: Authoritative Answer
AA = 0x0400
#: Truncated Response
TC = 0x0200
#: Recursion Desired
RD = 0x0100
#: Recursion Available
RA = 0x0080
#: Authentic Data
AD = 0x0020
#: Checking Disabled
CD = 0x0010
# EDNS flags
class EDNSFlag(enum.IntFlag):
#: DNSSEC answer OK
DO = 0x8000
def _from_text(text: str, enum_class: Any) -> int:
flags = 0
tokens = text.split()
for t in tokens:
flags |= enum_class[t.upper()]
return flags
def _to_text(flags: int, enum_class: Any) -> str:
text_flags = []
for k, v in enum_class.__members__.items():
if flags & v != 0:
text_flags.append(k)
return " ".join(text_flags)
def from_text(text: str) -> int:
"""Convert a space-separated list of flag text values into a flags
value.
Returns an ``int``
"""
return _from_text(text, Flag)
def to_text(flags: int) -> str:
"""Convert a flags value into a space-separated list of flag text
values.
Returns a ``str``.
"""
return _to_text(flags, Flag)
def edns_from_text(text: str) -> int:
"""Convert a space-separated list of EDNS flag text values into a EDNS
flags value.
Returns an ``int``
"""
return _from_text(text, EDNSFlag)
def edns_to_text(flags: int) -> str:
"""Convert an EDNS flags value into a space-separated list of EDNS flag
text values.
Returns a ``str``.
"""
return _to_text(flags, EDNSFlag)
### BEGIN generated Flag constants
QR = Flag.QR
AA = Flag.AA
TC = Flag.TC
RD = Flag.RD
RA = Flag.RA
AD = Flag.AD
CD = Flag.CD
### END generated Flag constants
### BEGIN generated EDNSFlag constants
DO = EDNSFlag.DO
### END generated EDNSFlag constants

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# Copyright (C) Dnspython Contributors, see LICENSE for text of ISC license
# Copyright (C) 2012-2017 Nominum, Inc.
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
# documentation for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted,
# provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice
# appear in all copies.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND NOMINUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL NOMINUM BE LIABLE FOR
# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
# OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
"""DNS GENERATE range conversion."""
from typing import Tuple
import dns.exception
def from_text(text: str) -> Tuple[int, int, int]:
"""Convert the text form of a range in a ``$GENERATE`` statement to an
integer.
*text*, a ``str``, the textual range in ``$GENERATE`` form.
Returns a tuple of three ``int`` values ``(start, stop, step)``.
"""
start = -1
stop = -1
step = 1
cur = ""
state = 0
# state 0 1 2
# x - y / z
if text and text[0] == "-":
raise dns.exception.SyntaxError("Start cannot be a negative number")
for c in text:
if c == "-" and state == 0:
start = int(cur)
cur = ""
state = 1
elif c == "/":
stop = int(cur)
cur = ""
state = 2
elif c.isdigit():
cur += c
else:
raise dns.exception.SyntaxError(f"Could not parse {c}")
if state == 0:
raise dns.exception.SyntaxError("no stop value specified")
elif state == 1:
stop = int(cur)
else:
assert state == 2
step = int(cur)
assert step >= 1
assert start >= 0
if start > stop:
raise dns.exception.SyntaxError("start must be <= stop")
return (start, stop, step)

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# Copyright (C) Dnspython Contributors, see LICENSE for text of ISC license
import collections.abc
from typing import Any, Callable
from dns._immutable_ctx import immutable
@immutable
class Dict(collections.abc.Mapping): # lgtm[py/missing-equals]
def __init__(
self,
dictionary: Any,
no_copy: bool = False,
map_factory: Callable[[], collections.abc.MutableMapping] = dict,
):
"""Make an immutable dictionary from the specified dictionary.
If *no_copy* is `True`, then *dictionary* will be wrapped instead
of copied. Only set this if you are sure there will be no external
references to the dictionary.
"""
if no_copy and isinstance(dictionary, collections.abc.MutableMapping):
self._odict = dictionary
else:
self._odict = map_factory()
self._odict.update(dictionary)
self._hash = None
def __getitem__(self, key):
return self._odict.__getitem__(key)
def __hash__(self): # pylint: disable=invalid-hash-returned
if self._hash is None:
h = 0
for key in sorted(self._odict.keys()):
h ^= hash(key)
object.__setattr__(self, "_hash", h)
# this does return an int, but pylint doesn't figure that out
return self._hash
def __len__(self):
return len(self._odict)
def __iter__(self):
return iter(self._odict)
def constify(o: Any) -> Any:
"""
Convert mutable types to immutable types.
"""
if isinstance(o, bytearray):
return bytes(o)
if isinstance(o, tuple):
try:
hash(o)
return o
except Exception:
return tuple(constify(elt) for elt in o)
if isinstance(o, list):
return tuple(constify(elt) for elt in o)
if isinstance(o, dict):
cdict = dict()
for k, v in o.items():
cdict[k] = constify(v)
return Dict(cdict, True)
return o

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# Copyright (C) Dnspython Contributors, see LICENSE for text of ISC license
# Copyright (C) 2003-2017 Nominum, Inc.
#
# Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
# documentation for any purpose with or without fee is hereby granted,
# provided that the above copyright notice and this permission notice
# appear in all copies.
#
# THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS" AND NOMINUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES
# WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
# MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL NOMINUM BE LIABLE FOR
# ANY SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES
# WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN
# ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT
# OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
"""Generic Internet address helper functions."""
import socket
from typing import Any, Tuple
import dns.ipv4
import dns.ipv6
# We assume that AF_INET and AF_INET6 are always defined. We keep
# these here for the benefit of any old code (unlikely though that
# is!).
AF_INET = socket.AF_INET
AF_INET6 = socket.AF_INET6
def inet_pton(family: int, text: str) -> bytes:
"""Convert the textual form of a network address into its binary form.
*family* is an ``int``, the address family.
*text* is a ``str``, the textual address.
Raises ``NotImplementedError`` if the address family specified is not
implemented.
Returns a ``bytes``.
"""
if family == AF_INET:
return dns.ipv4.inet_aton(text)
elif family == AF_INET6:
return dns.ipv6.inet_aton(text, True)
else:
raise NotImplementedError
def inet_ntop(family: int, address: bytes) -> str:
"""Convert the binary form of a network address into its textual form.
*family* is an ``int``, the address family.
*address* is a ``bytes``, the network address in binary form.
Raises ``NotImplementedError`` if the address family specified is not
implemented.
Returns a ``str``.
"""
if family == AF_INET:
return dns.ipv4.inet_ntoa(address)
elif family == AF_INET6:
return dns.ipv6.inet_ntoa(address)
else:
raise NotImplementedError
def af_for_address(text: str) -> int:
"""Determine the address family of a textual-form network address.
*text*, a ``str``, the textual address.
Raises ``ValueError`` if the address family cannot be determined
from the input.
Returns an ``int``.
"""
try:
dns.ipv4.inet_aton(text)
return AF_INET
except Exception:
try:
dns.ipv6.inet_aton(text, True)
return AF_INET6
except Exception:
raise ValueError
def is_multicast(text: str) -> bool:
"""Is the textual-form network address a multicast address?
*text*, a ``str``, the textual address.
Raises ``ValueError`` if the address family cannot be determined
from the input.
Returns a ``bool``.
"""
try:
first = dns.ipv4.inet_aton(text)[0]
return first >= 224 and first <= 239
except Exception:
try:
first = dns.ipv6.inet_aton(text, True)[0]
return first == 255
except Exception:
raise ValueError
def is_address(text: str) -> bool:
"""Is the specified string an IPv4 or IPv6 address?
*text*, a ``str``, the textual address.
Returns a ``bool``.
"""
try:
dns.ipv4.inet_aton(text)
return True
except Exception:
try:
dns.ipv6.inet_aton(text, True)
return True
except Exception:
return False
def low_level_address_tuple(high_tuple: Tuple[str, int], af: int | None = None) -> Any:
"""Given a "high-level" address tuple, i.e.
an (address, port) return the appropriate "low-level" address tuple
suitable for use in socket calls.
If an *af* other than ``None`` is provided, it is assumed the
address in the high-level tuple is valid and has that af. If af
is ``None``, then af_for_address will be called.
"""
address, port = high_tuple
if af is None:
af = af_for_address(address)
if af == AF_INET:
return (address, port)
elif af == AF_INET6:
i = address.find("%")
if i < 0:
# no scope, shortcut!
return (address, port, 0, 0)
# try to avoid getaddrinfo()
addrpart = address[:i]
scope = address[i + 1 :]
if scope.isdigit():
return (addrpart, port, 0, int(scope))
try:
return (addrpart, port, 0, socket.if_nametoindex(scope))
except AttributeError: # pragma: no cover (we can't really test this)
ai_flags = socket.AI_NUMERICHOST
((*_, tup), *_) = socket.getaddrinfo(address, port, flags=ai_flags)
return tup
else:
raise NotImplementedError(f"unknown address family {af}")
def any_for_af(af):
"""Return the 'any' address for the specified address family."""
if af == socket.AF_INET:
return "0.0.0.0"
elif af == socket.AF_INET6:
return "::"
raise NotImplementedError(f"unknown address family {af}")
def canonicalize(text: str) -> str:
"""Verify that *address* is a valid text form IPv4 or IPv6 address and return its
canonical text form. IPv6 addresses with scopes are rejected.
*text*, a ``str``, the address in textual form.
Raises ``ValueError`` if the text is not valid.
"""
try:
return dns.ipv6.canonicalize(text)
except Exception:
try:
return dns.ipv4.canonicalize(text)
except Exception:
raise ValueError